A Study on the Impacts of Noise Barrier in Construction Site Communication Essay Example for Free

A Study on the Impacts of Noise Barrier in Construction Site Communication Essay Construction industry is a complex and risky of work, the people in construction industry should have a better understanding of the need to practice good communication to ensure the better work quality and performance with a good communication (Vasanthi R.Perumal and Abu Hassan Abu Bakar, 2011). Good communication enables the members of the project for archiving the centre goal where the construction project complete in time with expected budget. In construction industry, communication can be achieved through letters, drawings, symbols, signs, posters, and word for ensure the information able to send and receive by each other. With the good communication, the workers especially in construction site find it easily and greatly productive to work together. Instruction and order are given and they are carried out as expected once they are well understood and acted upon correctly. Hence the communication in construction site shall be in clear, concise, accurate and well-planned. A good communication can enable an organization in better of work quality and performance, and also in decision making. Besides, an organization can achieve a better relationship with each other without any misunderstanding and misconception. So, the organization will be successful in any project without problems arise due to the poor communication. Other than that, good communication will also bring some advantages (Paul, 2008), such as: Reduce conflict within an organization Stronger and better relationships between each other Improve the teamwork of an organization Stronger controlling and problem-solving Well coordinated work plan For instances, a good communication can benefit an organization for achieving better work quality and performance. Either in verbal or non verbal, communication should be practice well in an organization to prevent any misunderstanding or misconception occur. Problem Statement According to the BRE guidance on construction site communication (2010), UK construction industry cost at least  £20 billion to repair and reconstruct the incorrect work due to poor communication such as instructions or orders given incorrect, technical information not available and etc. Such defects occur resulted of the workers’ poor workmanship or misunderstood the instruction from site agent. One of the main factors of verbal communication is employment of foreign labour. According to Philida Schellekens Judith Smith (2004), define that most of the construction project will employ foreign labour as worker due to their low salary. Those foreign labours have their own native language, so they may not able to communicate with site agent and other Malaysian workers. Hence, it finds out that there is language barrier between site agents with foreign labours at construction site. Besides, according to Ravi Jain (2012), mentioned the construction site creates noise through the use of vehicles, construction equipment and power tools. Those noises can affect the verbal communication between the site agents with foreign labours. A negative personality such as impatient, distrust, bad temper, fear (Asma Zaineb, 2010) happen on workers may be a barrier for them to communicate with others either in verbal or non verbal communication. Since construction industries had involved so many workers that came from different country with different education level, different cultural and etc (Nurul Azita Binti Sallet et al, 2012). There will be a huge impact on communication will be occurred with different personalities. Aim and Objectives The aim of the research study is to identify the factors affecting the verbal communication between site agent and foreign labour at construction site. Whereas, the objectives will be the following, To identify the language barrier between site agent and foreign labour is a factor for verbal communication at construction site To identify the noise barrier at construction site is a factor for verbal communication at construction site To identify the personality barrier is a factor for verbal communication at construction site Hypothesis 1. Language barrier between site agent and foreign labour is a factor for verbal communication at construction site 2. Noise barrier at construction site is a factor for verbal communication at construction site 3. Personality barrier is a factor for verbal communication at construction site Scope of Study There are 4 main communication forms which are verbal communication, non-verbal communication, written communication and visual communication (Aarti R, 2011). Communication of information, messages, opinions, speech and thoughts can be made via different forms of modern communication media, like Internet, telephone and mobile. Besides, some of the basic ways of communication are by speaking, eye contact, sign language, body language, touch and singing. †¢ Verbal Communication Verbal communication includes sounds, words, language and speaking. Example: face to face communication, telephone, site meeting, etc †¢ Non Verbal Communication Non-verbal communication involves physical ways of communication, like, tone of the voice, touch, smell and body motion. Example: Short Message Service (SMS), Email, etc †¢ Written Communication Written communication form is writing the words which used for communication. Good written communication is essential for business purposes and practiced in many different languages. Example: Short Message Service (SMS), Email, etc †¢ Visual Communication Visual communication is visual display of information, like topography, photography, signs, symbols and designs. Example: Photo, Presentation Slide, etc In this research study, it focuses on verbal communication between two or more people at construction site. For the most part of the communications example, is between a site agent and foreign labour. This research study also will talk about factors that considered as barrier for good communication at construction site. Research Methodology Literature Review For literature review, journal articles and journal review were read up as much as possible to be cited in order to collect the useful data which were proved descriptively. This is a process of reading, analyzing, evaluating, summarizing and gathering information and data from book, article, journal, internet, newspaper, magazine and etc. All information relate to communication in construction site industry will be study and summarize in this research study. Questionnaire Survey A list of questions about the factors affects the verbal communication between site agent and foreign labours in construction site will be distributed to the respondents which are the parties involved in the construction site for more data and information for this research study. Questionnaire was designed in several sections and categories, the construction sites were randomly chosen and distributed in Kuala Lumpur. All the responses will be collected on individual basis and also a simple interview will conduct with respondents in respects of questionnaire earlier distributed. Definition of communication Communication is the interaction between two or above people and the interaction may in various form such as body motion, speaking, tone of the voice, touch and etc (Paul, 2008). It is the process of transmitting and receiving this information. A common objectives hardly to get done in a work place unless people able to share their ideas and information with others in a way to produce a common understanding. A successful communication in the workplace environment is very important. An employer shall create a good working situation which helps to increase the quality of work and increase the ensure quality control while the employee, it allows personal growth and development and contributes to satisfaction on the job. What is verbal communication? All humans need to interact. There are 4 main communication forms which are verbal communication, non-verbal communication, written communication and visual communication (Aarti R, 2011). The most obvious and common form of communication is verbal communication. Verbal communication includes sounds, words, language and speaking and it is one way for people to communicate face to face. According to Beth Lee (2010), verbal communication involves using speech to exchange information with others. It is generally defined as spoken language. Tone, enunciation, pauses, loudness, emphasis, word choice, these can all be used while speaking to enhance the spoken word. As a type of face-to-face communication, body language and different tones play an important role, it may cause greater impact upon the listener than informational content. For an example, a simple phrase like, You did a wonderful job may implicate different meanings and intentions. A genuine and sincere tone may suggest praise a nd commendation, but a mocking tone can be offensive and sarcastic.

Drinking on College Campuses :: beer Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism,

Drinking on College Campuses Beer bongs, keg stands, and a million new drinks to discover, these are what college is all about. First-year students are introduced to a whole new world of parties that last until 3 a.m. and drinking beer for the usual breakfast. The week consists of concentrating on school for about 4 days of the week and partying 3 days. The money that was supposed to go towards books and gas to get home has been hoarded for the latest beer run or was used to get into the bar. This trend is getting into the habit of drinking as you enter college; it seems the two go hand in hand. It has become a rite of passage that weaved its way into the introduction of university life (National Institute, October 2002). Those students who never drank in high school seem to think drinking is suddenly okay when they start studying for their bachelor’s degree. This addition of responsibility is then balanced by the act of partying. It seems completely absurd that students choose to drink while investing around $20,000 a year in school. It all starts at high school graduation. Drinking is suddenly endorsed, or protested less, by parents, coaches, adults, organizations, and businesses. When seniors in high school finally graduate, it is common for a party to be thrown in their honor. Some of these parties include alcohol, and we can be pretty sure it wasn’t bought by the graduate unless they flunked a few times and are of legal age. Parents, other adults, and older friends supply the liquor and beer for the underage partiers. When the graduates make the next major step in their life and head for college, they are confronted with many opportunities to get hammered, sloshed, annihilated, drunk, inebriated, intoxicated, wasted, and totally smashed. Other college students are eager to help their young, new friends out by taking them for a trip to the liquor store. Since some bars are legal to those over the age of eighteen, it’s not a problem getting served there either. The 21 year-olds are conveniently stamped for minors looking to spot a potential buyer. Since a minor isn’t worried about getting served, the most apparent problem is getting to the bar. One setting of this national trend can be studied locally.

Challenges Facing the Youth

Bill Henry ENC 1101 4th period Would you agree that in society today, there are several challenges facing the youth? Due to the economy and state standards, it has become harder for the youth to not only set goals but to accomplish the task which they have set for themselves. Graduation rates are lower, college enrollment is declining, and unemployment rates are increasing. One challenge facing today’s youth is that graduation rates are gradually decreasing yearly because school is becoming harder due to new state standards. As of the year 2012-2013, eleventh grade students have been required to take a test called the PERT.The PERT test assesses students on the three basic subjects: math, reading, and writing skills. To display college readiness it is required that a student at least makes a 113 in math, 104 in reading, and a 99 in writing. If you fail to obtain the recommended score in these subject areas and your ACT scores are lower than average, you will be placed in remed ial courses your senior year. Not all students are great test takers; therefore, for most students this may be a challenge. Yet another challenge is declining college enrollment. Many young adults feel as though college is not for them due to the hard time they may have had in high school.Not only that, the cost of tuition is extremely high. Between 2000–01 and 2010–11, prices for undergraduate tuition, room, and board at public institutions rose 42 percent. Most young adults cannot afford it, especially those who are forced to be on their own after high school. Another challenge that is facing the youth is increasing unemployment rates. In a 2011 news story, BusinessWeek reported, â€Å"More than 200 million people globally are out of work, a record high, as almost two-thirds of advanced economies and half of developing countries are experiencing a slowdown in employment growth†.Nowadays, most jobs require that you have a high school diploma to work. Not everyo ne finishes high school! Many students in previous years are satisfied with a GED. These young adults with GED’s have now encountered a problem with job finding. Due to the economy and state standards, graduation rates are lower, college enrollment is declining, and unemployment rates are increasing. Yes, I definitely agree that in society today, there are several challenges facing the youth.

Corporation Law - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1856 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Research paper Tags: Act Essay Did you like this example? Corporations Law Introduction Question-1: Task-1: Cancelation of order of Engineering Products Pty Ltd. Task- 2: If Harry was not a director of a company but instead of a partner in a partnership in Engineering Products Question-2: ASIC Actà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s application to ban a director from managing company Conclusion References Introduction Corporationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s law deals with the development and functions of corporations and is related to commercial and agreement law. A company is a lawful enterprise created under the rules of the condition ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s integrated within. State rules, which differ from condition to condition, control the development, company and dissolution of their corporations. A company makes a lawful or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“artificial personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  or enterprise that has standing to sue and be charged, start agreements, and perform other responsibilities necessary to maintain a business, individual from its stakeholders. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Corporation Law" essay for you Create order Question-1: Task-1: Cancelation of order of Engineering Products Pty Ltd. In business buying and selling product is a common fact. Merchandise concern business purchase their products from the suppliers, there is a certain process to purchase a product an ordering procedures should be followed. Directors take decision to order or to cancel. The cancelation of order of Engineering Products Pty Ltd. is given below; View point of supplier As per case study, the director (Harry) of Engineering Products Pty Ltd. has ordered to purchase engineering products to its supplier but others directors are not willing to purchase products from this supplier because it appears that parts are improper for their business, high-priced and the supplier has a bad record in delivering on time. in delivering on time. A person is allowed to create the assumptions in section 129 of the Corporation act 2001 in related to contract with a company. The organization is not eligible to claim in procedures in regards to the transactions that any of the presumptions are wrong. Section 128 (1) of the Corporation act 200. A person may make the assumptions in section 129 of the Corporation act 2001 in related to deal with any company. After an accepted purchase is passed on to the provider, there may be a genuine business reason to terminate one or more lines of an accepted buy purchase or the entire buy. The approved techniques for eliminating a buy purchase and ending the legal responsibility to the provider are detailed below; Section 29 of ACL restricts making false representation in following matters price delivery on time standard quality approval or affiliation existence Price The purchase price of the products is mentioned in the order verification. The costs are unique VAT, taxation and other responsibilities. If the order verification does not contain a purchase cost, the Providers conventional cost in power at the time of the distribution of the products shall apply to the selling of products. The Provider is, however, eligible to modify the sticker cost if the Companys complete costs for the production of the products have been improved by situation away from the Companys control, such as improves in prices on raw content, power, taxation etc. Time of Delivery Plenty of duration of distribution is counted from the date when your order is received by the Provider provided all necessary information is available. Plenty of duration of distribution is set out in your order confirmation. Plenty of duration of distribution should be observed as much as feasible. Under no conditions the Provider undertake any responsibility for delayed distr ibution, including responsibility for any special, incidental, disciplinary, indirect or consequential damages. Agreements and contracts, indicated or intended, made by phone between the individual and the Provider or the Supplierà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s approved associate shall only be legitimate after being verified in composing by the Provider. Sale of goods act 1895 The seller of goods is considered to be an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"unpaid sellerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ within the meaning of this Actà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  When the whole of the cost has not been paid or tendered Unpaid seller right Topic to the conditions of this Act, and of any Law in that part, despite that the residence in the products may have approved to the customer, the overdue supplier of the products as such has by effects of lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  lien on the products or right to maintain them for the cost while he is in ownership of them; in situation of the bankruptcy of the customer, a right of avoiding the products on the road after he has separated with the ownership of them; a right of re-sale as restricted by this Act According to Australian Consumer Law and Fair Trading Act 2012 Indemnity for supplier or dealer (section 27) Without in justice to any additional rights or remedy to which a supplier may be allowed, a provider is entitled. By a seller on whose behalf any previous negotiations against any damage suffered by the suppliers An agreement of provider of services or products or a condition or in relates to an agreement of provider of services or products is void if that agreement or provision à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  Purports to have the impact of not including, reducing or changing the conditions of (section 127 or 128) of the Corporation act 2001. Purports to have the impact of precluding a right of activity or a defence depending on or coming up out of a reflection or an assurance known as in section 127 of the Corporation act 2001. View point of Engineering Products Pty Ltd. and its directors Purchasing and provide control is a crucial role for any business or organization. More than 2/3 of revenue can be spent on buying companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s or organizations goods or solutions, meaning the purchasing administrator can create a real distinguish in cost saving and profit. The others directors are cancelled the order which given by Harry, due to poor quality, lag in delivery and over price. Most formal written agreements will specify the interval of observe which must be given to be able to cancel the agreement. Examine this and make sure that adequate observe is given, as unable to do so could outcome in a violation of agreement declare from the current provider. What is responsible is determined by the specific conditions of the connection, including: the duration of connection with the supplier; how much company plays a role in the overall company of the supplier; how easily the provider may be able to substitute your business; The unique objective of both events joined into the connection. Purchasing managers are responsible for purchasing best quality equipment, products or solutions for an organization or organization at the most huge discounts. They work in a variety of sectors for many different organizations. A company may perform a paper without using a general seal if the paper is signed by (According to CL Act Section 127(1); Tow directors Director or sole company secretary They need to be good at negotiating, networking and working with numbers, as well as working with other factors such as durability, risk control and ethical issues. It is worth noting that a celebration does not necessarily repudiate an agreement by saying a wrong perspective of its development, although they will most likely drop into repudiation if they continue to persist in their perspective not withstanding an obvious enunciation of the appropriate perspective by the other celebration. Warning is guaranteed in this scenario. When a celebration claims an invalid presentation of the agreement and the other celebration does not make an effort to appropriate them but grabs on the mistake and purports to cancel for repudiation, it may well be that the celebration claiming to cancel is the repudiating celebration, providing the wrong celebration to be able to cancel. (As per CL Act section 127) The level of liability organized by the purchasing administrator will also impact obli gations. Projects generally involve: forecasting stages of requirement for products and services to fulfill the business needs and keeping a continuous check on inventory levels; Negotiation between providers, producers, relevant inner divisions and customers; detecting potential providers, going to current providers, and building and keeping good connections with them; guaranteeing providers are conscious of business objectives; Task- 2: If Harry was not a director of a company but instead of a partner in a partnership in Engineering Products If Harry was not a director of a company but instead a partner in a partnership company the situation will be reversed in position. He has to make an agreement with the supplier. He has to handle this thing in this situation. his own will; price determination quality of product quotation purchase contract product inspection the specific negotiating strong points of the parties whether the customer was needed to adhere to circumstances not reasonably necessary for the security of the other party Harry has to take a responsibility to undertake the job. Buying and supply management is a crucial part for any business or company. In regards to customer law current topics include the law with regards to customer assures, unjust terms in customer agreements, unconscionable conduct and manufacturers responsibility. More than 66% of income can be invested on purchasing the companys or organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goods or services, significance the purchasing administrator can make a real difference in cost saving and profit. Question-2: ASIC Actà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s application to ban a director from managing company The new rules give ASIC an additional tool to deal with consumer hindrance. Consideration of possible unjust agreement conditions will become part of ASICs continuous conformity and monitoring work ASIC maintain a close watch t he violation of laws regulated by government. ASIC has prohibited two former administrators from handling companies following a research which exposed they did not fulfill their legal responsibilities. For instance we can provide a case à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Neni Vijayant Tiwary vs. ASICà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. The directors of green slip insurance company. ASIC inquiry into the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ fall down was founded by Mr. Tiwary and Ms Tripathi. Unsuccessful to adhere to their responsibilities to keep sufficient everything published down of the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ financial situation, and Failed to work out their responsibilities as administrators with care and persistence by not taking affordable actions to observe and management the companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ financial matters. The purpose of this assistance is to help businesses, legal experts and customer supporters to understand the new rules in simple language, but it is not an alternative for the regulation. Note that not all factors of the ACL apply to financial loans and services. ASIC wants to make a balance between consumers, directors, and other stakeholders. The organization and the other individual are not eligible to claim in procedures in regards to the transactions that any of the presumptions are wrong. (Section 128) Conclusion Corporations are often used in tax constructing, as they are subject to taxes at a low cost than individuals. Until officially demolished, an organization has everlasting life; the cancellations or fatalities of authorities or stockholders do not change the corporate structure. Declares have signing up rules demanding corporations that integrate in other states to demand authorization to do in-state business. References J. W. Carter, Contract law in Australia H. Hansmann et al, Anatomy of Corporate Law Kim Lewison, David Hughes, The interpretation of contracts in Australia Phillip I. Blumberg, The Multinational Challenge to Corporation Law Corporations Act 2001 Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) Act 2001 Australian Contract law See Paul L. Davies QC, Gower and Davies Principles of Modern Company Law 1 | Page

Just What Is Racial Profiling - 1257 Words

Just what is Racial Profiling? Racial profiling has not only been an on going problem throughout the United States but among developing countries. Race, ethnicity, and even cultures of individuals are giving police no reason to stop and search innocent people just by what they look like. The public needs to be informed and more aware of the harmful effects racial profiling has on many young minorities lives. Just because ones skin color is too dark or they raise a slight suspicion is stopped. Is that fair? Racial profiling has been an on going controversy that has yet to be resolved. There is a complicated history of this occurring. For years up until now things have not changed. Racial profiling is all around us and is â€Å"the practice by law enforcement officials of using race, national origin, or ethnicity as the primary or sole consideration when intervening in a law-enforcement capacity† (Racial Profiling, 2012). Young black and African-American men are being targeted everyday around the world. They are being stopped walking up to their homes and even walking in their neighborhoods. Many are being suspected of things they are not doing. Look at the consequences that are being faced with the shooting and killing of Trayvon Martin. But it all started somewhere and that was back in 2001. September 11, 2001 is a day that many will never forget. A tragic event that cost many peoples their lives and loved ones. â€Å"The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, in which 19 ArabShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And Its Impact On Society1209 Words   |  5 PagesCases of Racial Profiling There are tons of cases of Racial Profiling. Now a days many people are being targeted or attacked by racial profiling. Laws are being passed but not every police officer is following up with it. And because of this more and more people are becoming irritated with the government system. Just because a particular person from a particular race does something wrong, everyone from that race is being discriminated by so-called other races. Racial profiling is gettingRead MoreRacial Profiling : A Race And Ethnic Class1208 Words   |  5 Pagespoint presentation on â€Å"racial profiling†. Starting off racial profiling refers to the biased practice by law enforcement officials focusing on individuals for suspicion of crime, based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. Racial profiling is a very brood and sensitive topic because it’s a lot of it going on in the world today. My opinion is that racial profiling is a controversial topic in our s ociety. 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Racial profiling according to Fredrickson, occurs when law enforcement officials rely on race, skin color, and/or ethnicity as an indication of criminality, reasonable suspicion, or probable cause, except when it is part of the description of a particular suspect (1). There are many opposing views on racial profiling; some believe it to be a useful tool used by law enforcementRead MoreNarrow Views On The United States939 Words   |  4 PagesViews Contrary to what many people thing, the dramatic event that happened in New York on September 11, 2001 when Muslim origin terrorist perpetuated the killing of innocent people in the United States was very devastating not just to Americans but also to the rest of the world. The world felt the consequences of this terrorist attack against America apart from condemning it because it was a horrible and inhumane event, but also by America government official’s racial profiling citizens of all nationalitiesRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Social Issue1537 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Profiling is a social issue that is capturing more and more attention worldwide but especially by North Americans. Racial Profiling is the assumption that someone has committed a crime based on their physical appearance and the stigma that surrounds that culture or group. Racial profiling, therefore, affects everyone in society as it is about humanity. Everyone deserves the chance to be free of stereotypes and even those who aren’t amidst racial profiling should realise that they are affectedRead More Racial Targeting and Profiling in the United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesRacial Targeting and Profiling in the United States The practice of targeting individuals for police investigation based on their race alone in the last few years has been an increasingly prominent issue in American society. Numerous magazines, newspapers, and journals have explored the issue of race-motivated police actions. Recently, the ABA Journal did a study of New Jersey and Pennsylvania traffic stops from 1998 to 2001, concluding that black drivers were more likely to be pulled over and

Obamas 2014 State of the Union Address Article Example

Essays on Obamas 2014 State of the Union Address Article The paper "Obama’s 2014 State of the Union Address" is a delightful example of an article on social science. On Jan. 28, President Barrack Obama delivers the Union address; key points of his address are summarized as per the following.   The President Obama vociferously describes his governments achievements and future challenges that the nation is likely to face. On an employment front, the current situation has improved dramatically registering the lowest unemployment rate in the span of around five years. Construction activities are on up swing and manufacturing sector is reviving to add jobs in the US market. Oil dependency has reduced significantly because the US now produces more oil breaking the production record of last 20 years. Budgetary deficits are down by over 50 percent. Investments in the US are increasing surpassing China. Current year is a breakthrough year as described by Obama in the sense that the US is now on a recovery path after a long recession. He is sure that hopes and aspirations of the US people will be fulfilled this year. On an education front, he is committed to restore the education budget that was pruned last year. He does not miss to mention in his speech that inequality has widened and still a huge proportion of people are out of job and struggling due to tight market situation. He is quite optimistic to reverse this phenomenon as he offers several practical proposals to provide strength and new opportunities to middle class. On higher education front, over 150 universities, businesses and NGOs have decided to come together making their commitments to provide equal opportunity for higher education so that no dedicated kid is denied access to college. He makes a special mention of redesigning high schools to be associated with employers so that hands-on training can lead students to a job. On higher education, the tuition fee loan payments will get restricted to 10 percent of students income. That is how students need to be helped from getting trapped by education loan debt. The US is on verge of energy independence as much lesser oil will be imported from the foreign countries this year because of the rising production trend of natural gas within the country. Not only that but also the US is going to be one of the leading producer of solar energy. Clean energy will keep on replacing other fossil-fuel based energy alternatives and tax benefits will not be available to fossil fuel industry. He does admit that climate change has now become a most potent threat to the nation and clean energy will help mitigate environmental disasters. Bringing down childhood obesity rates as one of the lowest in thirty years is indeed a remarkable achievement that he does not forget to mention. This will have a cascading effect on future healthcare costs. Necessary healthcare reforms will be done through the Affordable Care Act that has already been enacted. Under this, nearly three million Americans under age 26 will get coverage within their parents plans. Moreover, no American will be denied coverage for a pre-existing condition such as cancer, asthma or other disease. A patent reform bill is essential to safeguard numerous companies to continue with inno vation. Similarly, he admits that immigration reforms are necessary as it will boost American economy and will reduce the US deficits by $1 trillion. On social front, women do not get equal pay check as their counterparts. He asks for fair workplace policies and appeals Congress, businesses to come together to find a solution on this national issue. He also promises to enhance a minimum wage to at least $10 an hour through an executive for all employees working with federal contractors. Finally, he ends his speech on optimistic tone, "If we work together; if we summon what is best in us...with our feet planted firmly in today but our eyes cast towards tomorrow, I know its within our reach".

Human Resource Management Human Resources Workforce

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management for Human Resources Workforce. Answer: Introduction Hackman and Oldham have claimed that the characteristics of the job provided to the employees can have a great impact on their performances, motivation, job satisfaction and job commitment. For the success of organisational goals and objectives, it is necessary that the human resources of the organisation are effective and are managed properly, which is not an easy task. Organisations are trying their best to optimise the performance of the employees and are searching for new ways that would help them in achieving it. In this assignment, we will discuss whether the claim made by Hackman and Oldham stands true for the human resource management in the modern day world and decide if improving the characteristics of the work can improve the performance of the employees. Human Resource Management Human resource management is an approach that helps business organisations in managing their human resources/workforce using various concepts, such as compensation management, benefits, performance management, training and development, etc. (Inc.com, 2016) In the modern day business world, it has become very easy for managers to replicate technology and business operations to achieve market competencies. In such a situation, business organisations are now solely relying upon their human resources for achieving market competencies. As a result, business organisations are now investing millions of dollars in training and developing their human resources and providing them with work conditions that would help in optimising their performances and improving the overall results for the company. Hackman and Oldham were two experts who gave the famous theory of Job Characteristics, which is commonly known as JCT. The basic crux of the theory was that the job itself or the tasks which are given to the employees are a key component that can help in governing the job conditions for the employees. In this assignment, we will examine the argument made by Hackman and Oldham and test if the argument is actually valid in the modern day world (Tutor2u. net, 2016). Relation Between Job/Tasks And Employee Performance The modern day business world has reached a level where the competition is between national and multinational companies. Multinational companies have a competitive advantage over national companies and national companies are too trying to enter the global market to balance the scales. To achieve such competencies, it is important to have a competitive pool of talent that can perform well and help in the achievement of companys objectives. The workforce or the human resource will perform well when the work conditions are adequate and motivational enough to make them work harder. Human resource managers, over the period of time, have realized that the best way to improve the work conditions for the employees is by making the job more interesting and challenging. Job enrichment is a concept that has come up in the past few years. The concept aims at providing new and challenging work to the employees so that they do not feel bored and can perform better in their jobs. Let us now talk ab out some benefits of providing a challenging work environment to the workforce: Learning new skills a number of behaviour experts have proved that the employees are always excited when they are given an opportunity to acquire new skills and techniques. By providing the employees with some new tasks that can challenge their skills and knowledge, the management is able to motivate them to work harder. The employees themselves feel motivated because it brings them an opportunity of learning new skills, which would further help them in developing their career paths and while they are being considered for promotions. Therefore, the employees perceive benefits when the management offers them new, exciting and challenging work, which is different from their day to day routine (Bizcommunity.com, 2016). Reduced boredom boredom kills the possibility of high performance in business organisations. Employees usually feel bored when the management provides them with same kind of work over and over again. By repeating the same work again and again, they lose their interest in it and desire a change in their routine or the tasks that are assigned to them. Therefore, if the management is able to provide the workforce with challenging tasks and jobs, it can reduce their boredom and would be able to motivate them to do something by moving out of their comfort zones (Smallbusiness.chron.com, 2016). Receive recognition recognition has been regarded as one of the most important need for the people who work in business organisations. Even in the Need Hierarchy Theory given by Maslow, recognition at the workplace is included as one need which can motivate the employees to work harder (Study.com, 2016). Providing the workforce with challenging tasks allows the management to test skills, knowledge, strengths and weaknesses of the employees. The employees who are able to perform well and are able to stand up to the expectations of the company are able to gain recognition in the workplace and increase their chances of promotion or performance appraisal. Employee motivation employees value it when the senior management of the company trusts them with competitive and challenging tasks regularly. They feel that they are an important part of the organisation and their efforts will contribute towards the success of the organisation. With an increase in the responsibilities, the employees become motivated and they try to perform better. Consequently, they become more committed towards their jobs and the organisation on the whole (YourArticleLibrary.com: The Next Generation Library, 2015). Sense of accomplishments it takes a lot of effort on the part of the management to improve the work conditions for the employees and provide them with such work that would help in optimising their performance. When the company works hard to improve the work conditions of the employees, the employees to get a sense of belongingness and they tend to work harder to meet the expectations of the company. When the employees work harder they end up achieving more, which instils a sense of achievement in their minds. Benefits for the employers the concept of job enrichment is not just beneficial for the employees but also has a number of benefits for the employers too. When the employers provide challenging and exciting tasks to the employees, they are able to test their skills and knowledge related to the job. If the employees are able to provide creative solutions for the tasks assigned to them, they can be considered for promotions in the future as they have the calibre to be promoted to higher job profiles. On the other hand, if the employees are not able to perform the challenges that are given to them, the management can assess the areas where the employees lack skills and techniques. On the basis of the lacking skills and techniques, which the management identifies in the employees, the management can plan training and development programs so that its workforce can become more competitive (Reddy, 2016). Helps in creating a professional approach the concept of job enrichment provides challenging tasks to the workforce by introducing regular changes in their routines so that they can be moved out of their comfort zones. Such changes make the workplace more interesting and help in setting up a more professional approach in the organisation. Reduced absenteeism it has been noticed that the concept of job enrichment can actually help in bringing down the absenteeism rates in business organisations. By following the concept of job enrichment, the management is able to improve the quality of work for the employees. The employees have to perform better in order to stand up to the expectations of the company and also have to act more responsibly. Once the employees find that they are responsible for a lot of work, which the organisation has trusted them with, they become more professional towards their work and tend to avoid taking unnecessary leave. As a result, the rates of absenteeism are reduced if the employers can provide a challenging work environment to the workforce. Reduced labour turnover rates it has been observed that the business organisations that do not work towards making the workplace more exciting and challenging for the workforce often have experienced higher turnover rates as compared to those companies that regularly try to make the work situations challenging for the employees and bring them out of their comfort zones. The basic reason behind this fact is that when the management provides the same work to the workforce again and again, it restricts its capacity to think out of the box and reduces their chances of career development as they are stuck in the same jobs for their lifetime. They do not experience any growth opportunities and feel bored due to same work being given to them again and again. As a result, such employees sow a greater tendency to quit the organisation and shift to organisations that provide them challenging work and new growth opportunities. On the other hand, an organisation that provides its workforce with a lot of challenging and exciting work, which helps the employees in coming out of their comfort zones and trying something new and is able to keep them motivated. Such organisations increase the prospects of future promotions of their employees and also bring about a development in their skills and knowledge. Such employees experience higher job satisfaction as they feel advancement in their career paths and as a result, they show lower tendency to quit the organisation (Study.com, 2016). Conclusion From the facts discussed above, it can be clearly understood that the type of work can actually have a great deal of impact on the performance of the workforce working in the organisation. The employees who are provided with challenging and exciting work from the management experience less boredom and are eager to prove their calibre by performing well in the organisation. The work that an organisation offers to its employees also show the level of trust which the organisation places in them. Thus, employees working with such organisations show higher job satisfaction, job commitment, motivational and performance levels. On the other hand, the organisations that provide boring and monotonous work to its employees deprives them from the opportunity of gaining recognition in the workplace by proving their calibre, skills and techniques. It prevents them from making advancement in their career paths as monotonous work provides them with no growth opportunities. It can be clearly concluded that the management of a business organisation can optimise the performance level of its workforce only when it can provide them with challenging and exciting work conditions. Thus the claim made by Hackman and Oldham, which says that the characteristics of the job or the task provided to the employees can help in improving their performance, stands out to be true for the modern day human resources. References Hackman and Oldhams Job Characteristics Model | Business | tutor2u. (2016). Tutor2u.net. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.tutor2u.net/business/reference/hackman-oldhams-job-characteristics-model Hackman and Oldham job characteristics model | Employee motivation theories | YourCoach Gent. (2016). Yourcoach.be. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.yourcoach.be/en/employee-motivation-theories/hackman-oldham-job-characteristics-model.php Hackman, J., Pearce, J., and Wolfe, J. (1978). Effects of changes in job characteristics on work attitudes and behaviors: A naturally occurring quasi-experiment. Organizational Behavior And Human Performance, 21(3), 289-304. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(78)90055-7 Hosie, P., Sevastos, P., and Cooper, C. (2006). Happy-performing managers. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Human Resource Management. (2016). Inc.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/human-resource-management.html Job Enrichment: Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages Examples | Study.com. (2016). Study.com. Retrieved 18 August 2016, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/job-enrichment-definition-advantages-disadvantages-examples.html Job Enrichment: Meaning, Characteristics, Advantages and Limitations. (2015). YourArticleLibrary.com: The Next Generation Library. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/hrm/jobs/job-enrichment-meaning-characteristics-advantages-and-limitations/53318/ Oldham, G., Hackman, J., and Pearce, J. (1976). Conditions under which employees respond positively to enriched work. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 61(4), 395-403. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.61.4.395 Reddy, K. (2016). Top 15 Advantages and Disadvantages of Job Enrichment - WiseStep. WiseStep. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://content.wisestep.com/top-advantages-disadvantages-job-enrichment/ The Advantages and Disadvantages of Job Enrichment. (2016). Smallbusiness.chron.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-job-enrichment-11960.html The importance of a challenging work environment. (2016). Bizcommunity.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/410/423/76259.html The Needs Theory: Motivating Employees with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Video and Lesson Transcript | Study.com. (2016). Study.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-needs-theory-motivating-employees-with-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs.html